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Gr. A. HYVER, O F NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA'. Letters Patent No. 71,883, dated December 10,1867.

PETROLEUM-GAS BURNER.

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T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, G. A. HYVER, of the city 6i' New Orleans, parish of Orleans, andState of Louisiana, have invented a certain new and useful smprovcmlent in Petroleum-Gas Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had vto the anneired drawings, making a part of this specification, in whichi Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improvement as when ready for use, and

Figure 2 a sectional view of the same.

.In the creation of my invention, my object 'has been to produce a burner that will neither leak n or make `the disagreeable hissing noise that is a. characteristic of all other burners of which I have any knowledge, whilst at the same time there is a combustion of every particle of the gas, a greater intensity of heat, and a superior qualit-y of gas for illuminating purposes result-ing from its action than obtains in the useof any other burner with which I have any acquaintance. i i y Y To accomplish these important ends, I combine mechanical and chemical agencies, which, separately, considered, that iste say, as independent substantive devices or parts, may not, perhaps, be allV new, in a novel arrangement, which is so ordered that each part co-operates with all the others to'producc the desired objects.

But my invention will be better understood'by referring to the drawings.

At ig. 1, A. represents an ordinary retort, to contain the oil for the supply of the burner. This retort, it will be understood, is elevated somewhat above the burner, in order rthat the supply of oil will be regular and unfailing. B is a. supply-pipe, leading from the retort AL and C a stop-cock or revolving valve, by means of which. thepipeB may beclosed or opened. The pipe B is connected to pipe D by a tight screw-joint, which is filled'with charcoal that has been broken into small pieces to allow of its introduction, as is shown clearly atvg.-

2. At each end offthe pipe D are removable wire-lattice or perforated thin-plate diaphragms, to prevent the escape of the charcoal. The oil, in passing through the charcoal in pipe D, is carburetted to a. greater or less degree, and hence the illuminating properties ofthe gas that is evolved fromit are improved in a corresponding ratio. In fact, the chemical action of the charcoal, when the oil comes into contact with it, is to produce a slight evolution of gas from the latter, which, to some extent, is charged with carbon spirit, and is, therefore, superior as an-illuminating-gas to the gas that is produced simply by the oil.Y The pipe D leadsinto an annular chamber, F, that surrounds a circular opening, G, for a slight space above the nipple or gas-jet a, and it is provided with a cock, E, that is so fitted into the end of the said pipe that it can be withdrawn whenever it is necessary to renew the charcoal or to clean the pipe. The chamber F leads, at its top, into two or more pipes, b,

which, being closed at'their tops, prevent the oil from escaping, whilst at the same time they allow it to rise considerably above the top of the concentric'chamber F in the form of small columns, in such close proximity to the dame, when the burner is in operation, as to be much more rapidly volatilized than if it were contin'ed within said chamber F. The cup-furnace or retort H is more than double the size of any other that isfknown to me, and, it will be seen, is so formed as to concentrate the gas or lame whilst at the same time diffusing it over a very extended circular space.v The top of this cup-furnace is perforated with small holes in the shape of a star, with two additional holes between every two-points of the star, as seen atg. 1, so as to lea\'e unperforated a very 'considerable space in, the centre thereof, The bottom of this cup-furnace has one circular central opening, for the admission of the'gas and the pipes o. -This furnace H is sustained in position by a suitable metallic frame, f, and'it will be seen at fl'g. 2 that., when in -position over the chamber F,Vthe under-sur face of its top comes almost into direct contact with theV upper ends of the pipes b, thus securing a complete envelopment of a considerable portion of said pipes in the llame of. the burning gas whenever the burner is in operation, and a consequent more rapid generation of gas within the same. Within one of the pipes b is firmly secured the gas-pipe c. This pipe is open at its upper end, which reaches almost to the top of the pipe b in which itis inserted. Passing down the pipe b into and through the chamber F, the pipe c, alittle below thc bottom of said chamber, turns .at right angles, as shown at fig. 2, and terminates-a little beyond or outside a line drawn down the external surface of the said chamberF.. At a. point in the piperc'pre'cisely under the centre of the open space Within the chamber F is inserted the gas-jet a, which projects upwardly very nearly to the top ot' the chamber F, as may be clearly seen at iigf2u Inthe lower or. outside end of pipe a is inserted a screw-valve, J, to regulate the ow of gas through the jet a, so that the ame and 'heat may be increased or diminished, at the pleasurel of the operator. In another of the pipes b, near the top thereof, is inserted a pipe, d, (see dotted lines at fig. 2,) to'which a gas-jet may be attached to afford alight for illuminating purposes when the burner is used at night, thus rendering it unnecessary to have other lights for such purpose; or a tiexible tube of India rubber. or other suitable material, may be connected to tho pipe d by the usual method of attachment, so that the light may be conducted to any point to which it may be desired to take it.

The opera-tion of my invention is as follows, to wit: 'lhe retort A being lled with oil, und the stopcoclz C opened, the oiticws into pipe D, and through ythe filling of broken charcoal into the annular or concentric chamber F, until said chamberis not quite half full. Heat is now applied to the chamber F, by means of an alcoholic or other suitablelamp, until the gas Vthus created from the oil Hows through pipe c, and begins to issue from the orice of jet a, and ignition of the same can be effected. This process will not usually require more than one or two minutes of time. The moment ignition of the escaping gas occurs,.the flame, ascending through the central opening at the bottom of the cup-furnace H, and impinging against the unperforated central portion of the top of said furnace, underneath the' same, is deflected outwardly in every direction, and hence instantly envelopes the upper ends of pipes Z), heats the same, as well as the gas contained in them, and thus eifects a. purification of the same, and thoroughly dries it, as well as causes its more rapid issue from the jet a. In a very few seconds, provided the valve J be so turned as to allow a full flow of gas from jet a, the heat becomes so intense as to make the cup-furnace H red hot, and the combustion of the gas now'escaping in lame from every perforation in the top of the furnace so complete that not the slightest smell can be detected.

The perfect combustion of all the gas is further proven by the absence of all stain or discoloration in the object with which the llame comes into contact. The dame of the burning gas not only surrounds the upper ends of the pipes b, but it also, inits ascent into the furnace H, and before it enters the same, imparts heat laterally to the interior surface or wall of the chamber F, as well as to the pipes b below the bottom of the furnace H; hence the generation of gas in a very little'wliile after the burner has been lighted becomes won-` derfully rapid, and the volume poured forth from jet a amounts, probably.' to two or three times the quantity that can be made to issue from anyother burner now in use, or that has ever been made.

If it be desired to check the flow of the gas, and thus to reduce the heat, the valve J, it will be remembored, presents an eifectual and ready means of doing it. In fact, by means of this valve, as has been already stated, the heat can be regulated and controlled at whatever degree the person who manages the burner Vmay desire.

The points of merit which chiefly distinguish my burner are these: It has no leakage; it requires no conical'rings or cross-wires, which always interfere with or prevent a regular retention of heat; it effects a. perfect combustion of all the gas that is created, and, by slipping over the jet a a small metallic sleeve, (which is not shown on the drawings,) it burns without the hissing noise made by the escaping gas that obtains in ever other burner, so far as my information and knowledge extends, that has ever been devised; and, finally,'it contains a means of economizing the gas, so that no more need over he used than is absolutely required. There are yet other important advantages that obtain in the usc of my burnerwhich are so obvious, upon the slightestA examination and inspection, that I do not deem it necessary specially to point them out,

Having thus described my improvement, as well as its mode of operation, what I claim, and destro to secure by Letters Patent, i'sy 1. The combination of the pipe D, when filled with finely-broken charcoal, with the concentric or annular chamber F, the latter being provided with pipes, @extending upwardly into the cup-furnace or heat-retort H, i as and'for'the purpose substantially as set forth. Y. y Y

2. The combination ofthe pipe D, when filled with finely-broken charcoal, the concentric or annular chamber F, pipes b, and pipe d, with the gas-pipe c, when the latter is provided with the valve J for regulating the flow of gas, as and for the purpose described. i

I 3. The gas-pipe c, when constructed and arranged with relation to the chamber F and one of the pipes 5 as described, in combination with the valve J', for the purpose set forth.l

4. The combination of the concentric or annular chamber F and pipes b with the cup-furnaceror heat-v retort H, when the latter is constructed as described, and'shown upon the drawings, and occupies the relation to the former herein set forth, for the purpose set forth.

5.1The pipe UZ, in combination with one of the pipes'b, for the purpose of affording a light for illuminating purposes, as herein described. l i

. G. A. HYVER. Witnesses:

RUFUS R. Rnonns, DUNCAN G. CAMPBELL. 

